What is the test?
A hysterosalpingogram (HSG) uses X-ray and contrast dye, while HyCoSy or HyFoSy uses ultrasound with a contrast fluid or foam, to check whether the fallopian tubes appear open.
What does it assess?
Tubal patency (whether the tubes are open) and the shape of the uterine cavity.
Who might need it?
People having fertility investigations, particularly those without known risk factors for tubal disease. Laparoscopy may be offered instead where other pelvic conditions are suspected.
When is it performed?
After a period ends and before ovulation, to avoid testing during a possible pregnancy.
How is the test carried out?
A thin tube is passed through the cervix and fluid is introduced while images are taken. It usually takes 15–30 minutes and can cause period-like cramps.
How should I prepare?
Your clinic may advise pain relief beforehand, an infection screen such as chlamydia, and avoiding unprotected sex in that cycle until the test.
What can the results mean?
Fluid flowing freely from both tubes suggests they are open. A blockage may be real or due to temporary tubal spasm, so results are sometimes confirmed with another test.
What are its limitations?
Tests can show false blockages and do not assess how well tubes function. They do not diagnose endometriosis.
Is it routinely recommended?
Tubal assessment is an established part of fertility investigations.
What happens next?
Blocked tubes may lead to discussion of laparoscopy, surgery or IVF.
Frequently asked questions
Does it hurt?
Many people feel cramping; it is usually short-lived. Taking pain relief beforehand often helps.