What is the test?
Endometriosis investigations look for tissue similar to the womb lining growing outside the uterus. They may include specialist transvaginal ultrasound, MRI or laparoscopy.
What does it assess?
The presence, location and extent of endometriosis, including ovarian cysts (endometriomas) and deeper disease.
Who might need it?
People with painful periods, pelvic pain, pain during sex, bowel or bladder symptoms, or unexplained infertility.
When is it performed?
When symptoms or fertility history suggest endometriosis, often after an initial GP or gynaecology assessment.
How is the test carried out?
Ultrasound and MRI are non-surgical scans. Laparoscopy is keyhole surgery under general anaesthetic, during which endometriosis can sometimes be treated.
How should I prepare?
Keep a symptom diary. For laparoscopy you'll receive pre-operative instructions about fasting and recovery.
What can the results mean?
Findings are usually described by location and severity. Severity on imaging does not always match symptom levels.
What are its limitations?
A normal scan does not rule out endometriosis, especially superficial disease. There is currently no reliable blood test for endometriosis.
Is it routinely recommended?
Investigation is recommended when symptoms suggest endometriosis, following NICE and ESHRE guidance.
What happens next?
Options may include pain management, hormonal treatment, surgery or fertility treatment depending on your goals.
Frequently asked questions
Can I have endometriosis and still conceive?
Many people with endometriosis conceive naturally or with treatment. A specialist can discuss your situation.